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Understand and Pray · Book 1 · Lesson 3

Of

Ⲡⲓⲱϣ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁϩ ϣⲟⲙⲧ

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ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ means "of": it links a word to the word it belongs to, like Ⲡ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ Ⲫϯ "the Son of God" and ⲛⲉⲛϫⲱⲙ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ "the books of my father".

The book gives two rules. A: ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ can be shortened to ⲛ̀, written on the next word: ϯⲉⲕ̀ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ̀ ⲛ̀ϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ "the church of the virgin". B: ⲛ̀ becomes ⲙ̀ if the next word starts with one of the letters ⲃ ⲯ ⲫ ⲡ ⲙ: Ⲡ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙ̀Ⲫϯ "the Son of God".

In the texts below ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, ⲛ̀ and ⲙ̀ are printed in hollow letters, as in the book.

The texts

From the Midnight PraiseLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ⲧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩarise
  2. ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲓup
  3. ⲛⲓϣⲏⲣⲓthe sons
  4. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  5. ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓthe light
  6. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥto sing
  7. ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅to the Lord
  8. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  9. ⲛⲓϫⲟⲙ.the hosts

Get up sons of the light. Let us sing to the Lord of hosts.

The book’s Arabic: قوموا يا بني النور لنسبّح رب القوات.

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • Under each word: its meaning. Under the line: the whole sentence.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 28.

From the Third HoosLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩbless
  2. ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅the Lord
  3. ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥthe angels
  4. ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩall
  5. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  6. Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅:the Lord
  7. ϩⲱⲥpraise
  8. ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥhim
  9. ⲁ̀ⲣⲓϩⲟⲩⲟ̀make him more
  10. ϭⲁⲥϥhigh
  11. ϣⲁto
  12. ⲛⲓⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ.ever

Bless the Lord all angels of the Lord. Praise Him, exalt Him for ever.

The book’s Arabic: باركوا الرب يا جميع ملائكة الرب، سبّحوه وزيدوه علوًا إلى الأبد.

  1. Ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ·
  2. ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅·
  3. ⲛⲓϫⲟⲙthe powers
  4. ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩall
  5. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  6. Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅:·
  7. ϩⲱⲥ·
  8. ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ…·

Bless the Lord all powers of the Lord. Praise …

The book’s Arabic: باركي الرب يا جميع قوات الرب، سبّحيه …

  1. Ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ·
  2. ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅·
  3. ⲛⲓⲥⲓⲟⲩthe stars
  4. ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ·
  5. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  6. ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ:heaven
  7. ϩⲱⲥ…·

Bless the Lord all stars of heaven. Praise …

The book’s Arabic: باركي الرب يا سائر نجوم السماء، سبّحيه …

  1. Ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ·
  2. ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅·
  3. ⲛⲓϩⲁⲗⲁϯthe birds
  4. ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩall
  5. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  6. ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ:heaven
  7. ϩⲱⲥ…·

Bless the Lord all the birds of heaven. Praise …

The book’s Arabic: باركي الرب يا جميع طيور السماء، سبّحيه …

  1. Ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ·
  2. ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅·
  3. ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲏⲃthe priests
  4. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  5. Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅:·
  6. ϩⲱⲥ…·

Bless the Lord ye priests of the Lord. Praise …

The book’s Arabic: باركوا الرب يا كهنة الرب، سبّحوه …

  1. Ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ·
  2. ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅·
  3. ⲛⲓⲉ̀ⲃⲓⲁⲓⲕthe slaves
  4. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  5. Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅:·
  6. ϩⲱⲥ…·

Bless the Lord slaves of the Lord. Praise …

The book’s Arabic: باركوا الرب يا عبيد الرب، سبّحوه …

  1. Ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ·
  2. ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅·
  3. ⲛⲓⲡ̀ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁthe spirits
  4. ⲛⲉⲙand
  5. ⲛⲓⲯⲩⲭⲏthe souls
  6. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  7. ⲛⲓⲑ̀ⲙⲏⲓ:the righteous
  8. ϩⲱⲥ…·

Bless the Lord Spirits and the souls of the righteous. Praise …

The book’s Arabic: باركوا الرب يا أرواح وأنفس الصديقين، سبّحوه …

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • Under each word: its meaning. Under the line: the whole sentence.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 28–30.

From the Monday TheotokiaLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ⲁϥⲫⲱϧhe blotted out
  2. ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥ̀ϧⲁⲓthe writing
  3. ⲛ̀ϫⲓϫof hand
  4. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  5. ϯⲙⲉⲧⲃⲱⲕ:the slavery
  6. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  7. ⲀⲇⲁⲙAdam
  8. ⲛⲉⲙand
  9. Ⲉⲩⲁ̀:Eve
  10. ⲁϥⲁⲓⲧⲟⲩhe made them
  11. ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙϩⲉ.free

He has blotted out the hand writing of slavery on Adam and Eve; made them free.

The book’s Arabic: مزّق كتاب يد العبودية التي لآدم وحواء وحرّرهما.

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • Under each word: its meaning. Under the line: the whole sentence.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 30.

From the Tuesday TheotokiaLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ⲭⲉⲣⲉhail
  2. ϯⲙⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϯ:the mother of God
  3. ⲡ̀ⲑⲉⲗⲏⲗthe joy
  4. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  5. ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ:the angels
  6. Ⲭⲉⲣⲉ·
  7. ϯⲥⲉⲙⲛⲉ:the meek
  8. ⲡ̀ϩⲓⲱⲓϣthe preach
  9. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  10. ⲛⲓⲡ̀ⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ.the prophets

Hail, to you mother of God the joy of the angels, hail to you the meek, the preach of the prophets.

The book’s Arabic: السلام لوالدة الإله تهليل الملائكة، السلام للعفيفة كرازة الأنبياء.

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • Under each word: its meaning. Under the line: the whole sentence.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 30.

From the Commemoration of the SaintsLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ⲛⲉⲙand
  2. ⲡⲓⲧ̅ⲓ̅ⲏ̅the 318
  3. (ⲡⲓϣⲟⲙⲧ3
  4. ϣⲉ100
  5. ⲙⲏⲧ ϣⲙⲏⲛ)18
  6. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲱⲟⲩϯwho assembled
  7. ϧⲉⲛin
  8. Ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲁ̀:Nicea

And the three hundred eighteen who assembled in Nicea,

The book’s Arabic: والـ ٣١٨ المجتمعين بنيقية،

  1. ⲛⲉⲙand
  2. ⲡⲓⲣ̅ⲛ̅the 150
  3. (ϣⲉ100
  4. ⲧⲉⲃⲓ)50
  5. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  6. Ⲕⲱⲥⲧⲁⲛⲧⲓⲛⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ:Constantinople

the hundred fifty in Constantinople

The book’s Arabic: والـ ١٥٠ بمدينة القسطنطينية

  1. ⲛⲉⲙand
  2. ⲡⲓⲥ̅the 200
  3. (ⲥ̀ⲛⲁⲩ2
  4. ϣⲉ)100
  5. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  6. ⲈⲫⲉⲥⲟⲥEphesus

and the two hundred at Ephesus

The book’s Arabic: والـ ٢٠٠ بأفسس

  1. ⲛⲉⲙ·
  2. ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧour father
  3. ⲁⲃⲃⲁAbba
  4. ⲠⲓϣⲱⲓPishoy
  5. ⲡⲓⲑ̀ⲙⲏⲓthe righteous
  6. ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓthe man
  7. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲗⲓⲟⲥ:the perfect
  8. ⲡⲓⲙⲉⲛⲣⲓⲧthe beloved
  9. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  10. Ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲧⲏⲣour saviour
  11. ⲛ̀ⲁ̀ⲅⲁⲑⲟⲥ:good

and our father Abba Pishoi the perfect man, beloved of our Good Saviour,

The book’s Arabic: وأبانا الأنبا بيشوي البار الرجل الكامل حبيب مخلصنا الصالح،

  1. ⲛⲉⲙand
  2. ⲡⲓⲙ̅ⲑ̅the 49
  3. (ⲡⲓϩ̀ⲙⲉ40
  4. ⲯⲓⲧ)9
  5. ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥmartyrs
  6. ⲛⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓelders
  7. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  8. Ϣⲓϩⲏⲧ.Shiheet

and the forty-nine martyrs, the elders of Shiheet.

The book’s Arabic: والـ ٤٩ شهيداً شيوخ شيهيت.

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • Under each word: its meaning. Under the line: the whole sentence.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 31–32.

From the Litany of the SickLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ϯϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥthe hope
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  3. ⲛⲏⲉ̀ⲧⲉthose
  4. ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲧⲟⲩwho have not
  5. ϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ:hope
  6. ϯⲃⲟⲏ̀ⲑⲓⲁ̀the help
  7. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  8. ⲛⲏⲉ̀ⲧⲉthose
  9. ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲧⲟⲩhave not
  10. ⲃⲟⲏ̀ⲑⲟⲥ.help

The hope of the hopeless, the help of the helpless.

The book’s Arabic: رجاء مَن ليس له رجاء، ومعين مَن ليس له معين.

  1. Ⲑ̀ⲛⲟⲙϯthe comfort
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  3. ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲟⲓthose who are
  4. ⲛ̀ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓlittle
  5. ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲧ:of heart
  6. ⲡⲓⲗⲩⲙⲏⲛthe harbor
  7. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  8. ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲭⲏthose who are
  9. ϧⲉⲛin
  10. ⲡⲓⲭⲓⲙⲱⲛ.the tempest

The comfort of the weakhearted, the harbor of those in the tempest.

The book’s Arabic: عزاء صغيري القلوب، ميناء الذين في العاصف.

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • Under each word: its meaning. Under the line: the whole sentence.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 32.

Through the IntercessionsLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛthrough
  2. ⲛⲓⲡ̀ⲣⲉⲥⲃⲓⲁ̀the intercessions
  3. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  4. ϯⲑⲉⲟ̀ⲧⲟⲕⲟⲥthe mother of God
  5. ⲉⲑ̅ⲩ̅holy
  6. Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ̀Mary
  7. Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅Lord
  8. ⲁ̀ⲣⲓϩⲙⲟⲧgrant
  9. ⲛⲁⲛus
  10. ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲭⲱ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗthe forgiveness
  11. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  12. ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲃⲓ.our sins

Through the intercessions of the mother of God St. Mary, O Lord, grant us the forgiveness of our sins.

The book’s Arabic: بشفاعات والدة الإله القديسة مريم يارب أنعم لنا بمغفرة خطايانا.

  1. Ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ·
  2. ⲛⲓⲡ̀ⲣⲉⲥⲃⲓⲁ̀·
  3. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  4. ⲡⲓϣⲁϣϥthe 7
  5. ⲛ̀ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥarchangels
  6. ⲛⲉⲙand
  7. ⲛⲓⲧⲁⲅⲙⲁthe hosts
  8. ⲛ̀ⲉ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛheavenly
  9. Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅…·

Through the intercessions of the seven archangels and the heavenly hosts, O Lord …

The book’s Arabic: بشفاعات السبعة رؤساء الملائكة والطغمات السمائية يارب …

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • Under each word: its meaning. Under the line: the whole sentence.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 33.

After the CommemorationLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ⲛⲏ ⲙⲉⲛthose
  2. Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅·
  3. ⲉ̀ⲁⲕϭⲓyou took
  4. ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲯⲩⲭⲏtheir souls
  5. ⲙⲁⲙ̀ⲧⲟⲛrepose
  6. ⲛⲱⲟⲩ:them
  7. ϧⲉⲛin
  8. ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲥⲟⲥthe paradise
  9. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  10. ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ:the joy
  11. ϧⲉⲛ·
  12. ⲧ̀ⲭⲱⲣⲁthe region
  13. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  14. ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲟⲛϧthose living
  15. ϣⲁ·
  16. ⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ:ever

Those, O Lord, whose souls you have taken, repose them in the paradise of delight, in the region of those living forever,

The book’s Arabic: فأولئك يارب الذين أخذت نفوسهم نيّحهم في فردوس النعيم في كورة الأحياء إلى الأبد،

  1. ϧⲉⲛin
  2. ⲒⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲗⲏⲙJerusalem
  3. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")of
  4. ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ:the heaven
  5. ϧⲉⲛin
  6. ⲡⲓⲙⲁthis place
  7. ⲉⲧⲉwhich is
  8. ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ.there

in the heavenly Jerusalem, in that place.

The book’s Arabic: في أورشليم السمائية في ذلك الموضع.

  1. Ⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲛWe
  2. ⲇⲉbut
  3. ϩⲱⲛwe too
  4. ϧⲁ·
  5. ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲟⲓwho are
  6. ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ϫⲱⲓⲗⲓstrangers
  7. ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ:of this place
  8. ⲁ̀ⲣⲉϩkeep
  9. ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲛus
  10. ϧⲉⲛin
  11. ⲡⲉⲕⲛⲁϩϯ:your faith
  12. ⲁ̀ⲣⲓϩⲙⲟⲧgrant
  13. ⲛⲁⲛus
  14. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏyour peace
  15. ϣⲁunto
  16. ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ.end

And we who are strangers in this place, keep us in Your faith and grant us Your peace unto the end.

The book’s Arabic: ونحن أيضاً الغرباء في هذا المكان احفظنا في إيمانك وأنعم لنا بسلامك إلى التمام.

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • Under each word: its meaning. Under the line: the whole sentence.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 33–34.

The book’s examples with ⲛ̀ⲧⲉLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ⲡ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. Ⲫϯ

The Son of God

The book’s Arabic: ابن الله

  1. Ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ

The house of the angels

The book’s Arabic: بيت الملائكة

  1. Ϯⲉⲕ̀ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ̀
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ

The church of the virgin

The book’s Arabic: كنيسة العذراء

  1. Ⲛⲉⲛϫⲱⲙ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ

The books of my father

The book’s Arabic: كتب أبي

  1. Ϯⲁϫⲡ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲛⲓ

The watch of my sister

The book’s Arabic: ساعة أختي

  1. Ⲡⲓⲭ̀ⲗⲟⲙ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ⲡ̀ⲱⲛϧ

The crown of the life

The book’s Arabic: إكليل الحياة

  1. Ⲡⲓⲭ̀ⲗⲟⲙ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ϯⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ

The crown of the year

The book’s Arabic: إكليل السنة

  1. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲙⲓⲥⲓ

The feast of (the birth) Christmas

The book’s Arabic: عيد الميلاد

  1. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ⲡⲓⲥ̀ⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ

The feast of the Cross

The book’s Arabic: عيد الصليب

  1. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲧⲱⲛϥ

The feast of Easter

The book’s Arabic: عيد القيامة

  1. Ⲡⲓϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ϯⲁϫⲡ ϣⲟⲙϯ

The Prayer of the hour 3 (3rd hour)

The book’s Arabic: صلاة الساعة الثالثة

  1. Ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ
  2. ϧⲉⲛ
  3. ϯⲉⲕ̀ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ̀
  4. ⲉ̀ⲛⲓϩⲓⲕⲱⲛ
  5. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  6. ϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ
  7. ⲛⲉⲙ
  8. ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ
  9. ⲛⲉⲙ
  10. ⲛⲓⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ
  11. ⲛⲉⲙ
  12. ⲛⲏⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ.

I saw in the church the icons of the virgin and the angels and the martyrs and saints.

The book’s Arabic: أنا رأيت في الكنيسة أيقونات العذراء والملائكة والشهداء والقديسين.

  1. Ⲛⲓⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ
  2. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")
  3. ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲛϧ

The days of our life

The book’s Arabic: أيام حياتنا

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • This book gives the whole sentence, not the meaning of each word.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 35–36.

The short form ⲛ̀ / ⲙ̀Lesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ⲡ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ
  2. ⲙ̀ (ⲙ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ before ⲃ ⲯ ⲫ ⲡ ⲙ → "of")Ⲫϯ

The Son of the God

The book’s Arabic: ابن الله

  1. Ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ
  2. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ

The house of the angels

The book’s Arabic: بيت الملائكة

  1. Ϯⲉⲕ̀ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ̀
  2. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")ϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ

The church of the virgin

The book’s Arabic: كنيسة العذراء

  1. Ⲛⲉⲛϫⲱⲙ
  2. ⲙ̀ (ⲙ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ before ⲃ ⲯ ⲫ ⲡ ⲙ → "of")ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ

The books of my father

The book’s Arabic: كتب أبي

  1. Ϯⲁϫⲡ
  2. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲛⲓ

The watch of my sister

The book’s Arabic: ساعة أختي

  1. Ⲡⲓⲭ̀ⲗⲟⲙ
  2. ⲙ̀ (ⲙ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ before ⲃ ⲯ ⲫ ⲡ ⲙ → "of")ⲡ̀ⲱⲛϧ

The crown of the life

The book’s Arabic: إكليل الحياة

  1. Ⲡⲓⲭ̀ⲗⲟⲙ
  2. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")ϯⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ

The crown of the year

The book’s Arabic: إكليل السنة

  1. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ
  2. ⲙ̀ (ⲙ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ before ⲃ ⲯ ⲫ ⲡ ⲙ → "of")ⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲙⲓⲥⲓ

The feast of (the birth) Christmas

The book’s Arabic: عيد الميلاد

  1. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ
  2. ⲙ̀ (ⲙ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ before ⲃ ⲯ ⲫ ⲡ ⲙ → "of")ⲡⲓⲥ̀ⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ

The feast of the Cross

The book’s Arabic: عيد الصليب

  1. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ
  2. ⲙ̀ (ⲙ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ before ⲃ ⲯ ⲫ ⲡ ⲙ → "of")ⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲧⲱⲛϥ

The feast of Easter

The book’s Arabic: عيد القيامة

  1. Ⲡⲓϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ
  2. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")ϯⲁϫⲡ
  3. ϣⲟⲙϯ

The Prayer of the hour 3 (3rd hour)

The book’s Arabic: صلاة الساعة الثالثة

  1. Ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ
  2. ϧⲉⲛ
  3. ϯⲉⲕ̀ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ̀
  4. ⲉ̀ⲛⲓϩⲓⲕⲱⲛ
  5. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")ϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ
  6. ⲛⲉⲙ
  7. ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ
  8. ⲛⲉⲙ
  9. ⲛⲓⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ
  10. ⲛⲉⲙ
  11. ⲛⲏⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ.

I saw in the church the icons of the virgin and the angels and the martyrs and saints.

The book’s Arabic: أنا رأيت في الكنيسة أيقونات العذراء والملائكة والشهداء والقديسين.

  1. Ⲛⲓⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ
  2. ⲙ̀ (ⲙ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ before ⲃ ⲯ ⲫ ⲡ ⲙ → "of")ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲛϧ

The days of our life

The book’s Arabic: أيام حياتنا

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • This book gives the whole sentence, not the meaning of each word.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 37–38.

ConversationLesson 3: Of (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ)
  1. Ⲙⲏⲛⲁ·
  2. ⲡ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓthe Son
  3. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  4. Ⲡⲉⲧⲣⲟⲥ·

Mina, the son of Peter

The book’s Arabic: مينا ابن بطرس

  1. Ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ·
  2. ⲡ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓthe Son
  3. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  4. Ⲓⲱ̅ⲁ̅·

Joseph, the son of John

The book’s Arabic: يوسف ابن يوحنا

  1. Ⲁⲛⲛⲁ·
  2. ⲧ̀ϣⲉⲣⲓthe daughter
  3. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  4. Ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ·

Anna, the daughter of Jacob

The book’s Arabic: حنة ابنة يعقوب

  1. Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ̀·
  2. ⲧ̀ⲥⲱⲛⲓthe sister
  3. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  4. Ⲙⲁⲣⲑⲁ·

Mary, the sister of Martha

The book’s Arabic: مريم أخت مرثا

  1. Ⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ̀·
  2. ⲑ̀ⲙⲁⲩthe mother
  3. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  4. Ⲁ̀ⲅⲁⲡⲏ·

Sophia, the mother of Agape

The book’s Arabic: صوفيا أم أغابي

  1. Ⲛⲓⲙ·
  2. ⲛⲉ·
  3. ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ·
  4. ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ (ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ: Links a word to the word it belongs to → "of")·
  5. Ⲁ̀ⲇⲁⲙ?·

Who are the sons of Adam?

The book’s Arabic: مَنْ هم أبناء آدم؟

  1. Ⲕⲁⲓⲛ·
  2. ⲛⲉⲙ·
  3. Ⲁ̀ⲃⲉⲗ·
  4. ⲛⲉⲙ·
  5. Ⲑⲏⲥ·
  6. ⲛⲉ·
  7. ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ·
  8. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")Ⲁ̀ⲇⲁⲙ.·

Cain and Abel and Seth are the sons of Adam.

The book’s Arabic: قايين وهابيل وشيث هم أبناء آدم.

  1. Ⲛⲓⲙ·
  2. ⲛⲉ·
  3. ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ·
  4. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")Ⲛⲱⲉ̀?·

Who are the sons of Noe?

The book’s Arabic: مَنْ هم أبناء نوح؟

  1. Ⲛⲓⲙ·
  2. ⲛⲉ·
  3. ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ·
  4. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")Ⲁⲃⲣⲁⲁⲙ?·

Who are the sons of Abraham?

The book’s Arabic: مَنْ هم أبناء إبراهيم؟

  1. Ⲛⲓⲙ·
  2. ⲛⲉ·
  3. ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ·
  4. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")Ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ?·

Who are the sons of Jacob?

The book’s Arabic: مَنْ هم أبناء يعقوب؟

  1. Ⲛⲓⲙ·
  2. ⲛⲉ·
  3. ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ·
  4. ⲛ̀ (ⲛ̀: Short form of ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ, written on the next word → "of")Ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ?·

Who are the sons of Joseph?

The book’s Arabic: مَنْ هم أبناء يوسف؟

How to read the analysis

  • Hollow letters: the part this lesson is about, marked as in the book.
  • Dashed line: a part of the word that becomes a word of its own in the translation (my, your, you, it …).
  • Under each word: its meaning. Under the line: the whole sentence.
  • The button numbers each marked part and colours it, its meaning and its part of the translation the same way.

Source: Understand and Pray (افهم وصلِّ), book 1, Anba Demetrius, Bishop of Mallawi, p. 39–40.

Exercises

The exercises are made from the texts above: find the marked part, say what it means and what it becomes in the translation, then translate whole sentences.

ActivityMedium

Which one fits?

A marked word or part is missing from the sentence. Choose the one the book has, using the lesson’s rule.

  1. Ⲡ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ___Ⲫϯ

  2. Ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ___ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ

  3. Ⲛⲉⲛϫⲱⲙ ___ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ

  4. Ϯⲁϫⲡ ___ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲛⲓ

  5. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ ___ⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲙⲓⲥⲓ

  6. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ ___ⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲧⲱⲛϥ

  7. Ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲉⲕ̀ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ̀ ⲉ̀ⲛⲓϩⲓⲕⲱⲛ ___ϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ.

  8. Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ___Ⲁⲃⲣⲁⲁⲙ?

ActivityMedium

Which part becomes a word?

Some parts of a Coptic word become words of their own in the translation, like "my", "your" or "you". Find them.

  1. "ⲙ̀Ⲫϯ": which part becomes "of"?

    ⲙ̀Ⲫϯ

  2. "ⲛ̀ϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ": which part becomes "of"?

    ⲛ̀ϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ

  3. "ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲛⲓ": which part becomes "of"?

    ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲛⲓ

  4. "ⲛ̀ϯⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ": which part becomes "of"?

    ⲛ̀ϯⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ

  5. "ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥ̀ⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ": which part becomes "of"?

    ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥ̀ⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ

  6. "ⲛ̀ϯⲁϫⲡ": which part becomes "of"?

    ⲛ̀ϯⲁϫⲡ

  7. "ⲛ̀Ⲁ̀ⲇⲁⲙ": which part becomes "of"?

    ⲛ̀Ⲁ̀ⲇⲁⲙ.

  8. "ⲛ̀Ⲁⲃⲣⲁⲁⲙ": which part becomes "of"?

    ⲛ̀Ⲁⲃⲣⲁⲁⲙ?

ActivityMedium

Words in the text

Match each Coptic word with its meaning in the text.

ActivityHard

Translate the sentence

Use the analysis: read the words, then choose the translation of the whole sentence.

  1. Ⲧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲓ ⲛⲓϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲟⲙ.

  2. Ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ̀Ⲡ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅ ⲛⲓⲡ̀ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲑ̀ⲙⲏⲓ: ϩⲱⲥ…

  3. ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲙ̅ⲑ̅ (ⲡⲓϩ̀ⲙⲉ ⲯⲓⲧ) ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ Ϣⲓϩⲏⲧ.

  4. Ⲡ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ Ⲫϯ

  5. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲙⲓⲥⲓ

  6. Ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ

  7. Ⲡⲓϣⲁⲓ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲧⲱⲛϥ

  8. Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ̀ ⲧ̀ⲥⲱⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ Ⲙⲁⲣⲑⲁ